Apparatus for grading and charting shoe lasting wipers



May 22, 1951 F. c. EASTMAN APPARATUS FOR GRADING AND CHARTING SHOELASTING WIPERS e. Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Sept. 29, 1944 l nvenforV Freq GEczstman May 22, 1951 F. c. EASTMAN 2,553,352

APPARATUS FOR GRADING AND CHARTING SHOE LASTING WIPERS Original FiledSept. 29, 1944 6 Sheets-$heet 2 May 22, 1951 2,553,852 1 APPARATUS FORGRADING AND CHARTING SHOE LASTING WIPERS F. c. EASTMAN 6 Shasta-Sheet- 3Oxiginal Filed Sept. 29, 1944 fnvenfar Fred CEaszman 51 Attorney y 22,1951 F. c. EASTMAN 2 ,553,852

APPARATUS FOR GRADING AND CHARTING SHOE LASTING WIPERS Original FiledSept. 29, 1944 6 Sheets-Shee't '4 2 2, Inventor .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .5 2 .8.9 1.0 FFQQCEQSZMH May 22, 1951 F. c. EASTMAN 2. 3

APPARATUS, FOR GRADING AND CHARTING SHOE-LASTING WIPERS Original FiledSept. 29, 1944 6-Sheets -Sheet 5 10 8P6/J 4 3 2.5 2 L5 [nvemor Frd CEastman By hi sr May 22, 1951 F. c. EASTMAN 2,553,852

APPARATUS FOR GRADING AND CHARTING SHOE LASTING WIPERS Original FiledSept. 29, 1944 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 AAAAAAAAA A B C D E! EEEEE Fred CEastman Patented May 22, 1951 APPARATUS FOR GRABIN G AND GHARTING SHOELAS'I'ING WIPERS Fred G. Eastman, Marblehead, Mass, assignor to UnitedShoe Machinery Corporation, Flemington, N. J., a corporation of NewJersey Original application September 29, 1944, Serial Divided and thisapplication tober 21, 1948, Serial No. 55,748

Claims. 1

This invention relates to an apparatus for de termining or selecting thenumber 'of sets of wipers such as are used in toe lasting machines,adapted to operate upon a selected range of sizes and widths of lasts ofthe same style. The apparatus illustrated herein is particularly adaptedfor use in practicing the method of selecting wiper sets set forth in anow abandoned application for Letters Patent of the United States,Serial No. 556,417, filed in my name on September 29, 1944 of which thepresent application is a division.

It is commonly known that in lasting the toes of shoes by lastingmachines provided with wipers, different sets or pairs of wipers ofdifferent sizes and shapes are required for operating upon a certain runof sizes or widths of lasts of the same style. Heretofore, Wipers to beused for a toe lasting operation on a certain run of sizes and widths ofshoes, made on lasts of the same style, were made from last bottompatterns of such sizes and widths as past experience had prover-1 asmost acceptable. These sizes had become standardized to the extent thatthe same sizes and widths were chosen for pointed toe shoes and squaretoe shoes as were used for the more conventional shapes. This resultedin an excess of wipers produced for the pointed toe styles. On the otherhand, an insufiicient num ber of sets of wipers was .produced for thewide square toe styles, where the width increment at the toe per size isgreater, resulting in a poor quality of lasting on these styles. Also,'for example, sets of wipers selected for operation on a certain run ofsizes and. widths of shoes of the pointed toe styles included two setsselected for operation upon difierent sizes which, although perhapsquite remote from each other, can be satisfactorily lasted by the sameset of wipers.

It is, therefore, an object of the invention to determine the minimumnumber of wiper sets required in a toe lasting machine to operateproperly upon a given number of size and widths of shoes of the samestyle. Another object of the invention is to determine the range ofsizes and widths of shoes or lasts of the same style which may besatisfactorily operated upon by one and the same set of wipers.

The term size, herein used, denotes the lengthwise extent of the bottomof a last or or the bottom of a shoe made on that last; the term widthdenotes the widthw-ise extent of said last [bottom or shoe bottom, andthe term style denotes the configuration or outline of said last bottomor shoe bottom, particularly the toe portion thereof. As is commonlyknown, size units are expressed in Arabic numbers, width units areexpressed in capital letters and styles are mostly defined indescriptive terms such as pointed toe or square toe and others.

In accordance with one feature of the invention, the lengths of apredetermined toe line or a last bottom, the toe line being comparablein its general location and direction to the so-called tip seam line,and the ball line of that last bottom extending crosswise of the lastbottom at the ball portion thereof are measured and the value of theangle, the tangent of which corresponds to the ratio of the lengths ofthe toe line and the ball line, is determined. Lines which are inclinedrelative to vertical lines through them at an angle corresponding to theabove mentioned predetermined angle are then entered upon a table orchart. On this chart the last sizes are the ordinates and the lastwidths are the abscissae, and the selected range of sizes and widths oflasts 'to be operated upon has been marked on the table. The inclinedlines are applied over the marked area of the table and are spaced aparta predetermined distance correspondin to'the range of widths of lastseach particular wiper set as represented "by an inclined line is adaptedto operate upon. The number of inclined lines traversing the marked areaof the table or chart determines the number of wiper sets required for aproper lasting operation upon the selected range of sizes and widths ofshoes.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, there is provided agrading and charting device for use in determining the minimum set ofwipers for the purpose above referred to. The device is provided withtwo gages, one to measure the toe line of the last bottom presented tothe device and the other to measure the ball line of that last bottom.The two gases are connected together by an arm which is moved, onmeasuring 'rnovemcnt of the gages, to a predetermined angular positioncorrespondmg in angularityt'o the above mentioned predetermined anglehaving its tangent corresponding to the toe line-ball line ratio. 7

These and other features of the invention are more specificallydescribed hereinafter with ref-- erence to the accompanying drawings andare pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a plan of a grading and charting device with its movable partsin their inoperative initial positions;

Fig. 2 is a left-hand side elevation of part of the device illustratedin Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section taken along the line IIIIII of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a plan of the device illustrated in Fig. l with its movableparts in gaging position, a chart having been presented to the device;

Fig. 5 is an outline of the forepart and shank portion of a sole or lastbottom pattern showing the positions of the toe line and the ball line;

Fig. 6 is a diagram of toe lines and ball lines of different lengths butthe same ratio;

Fig. '7 is a table compiled for use in constructing a scale indicatingthe width zone increments, the scale being used in connection with thedevice illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a chart showing curves plotted from values obtained in Fig. 7

Fig. 9 illustrates how angles corresponding to a series of fixed valuesof the width zone scale may be plotted;

Fig. 10 shows how with the aid of the angular values determined by Fig.9 the width zone scale may be constructed;

Fig. 11 is a plan of a chart or table on which 2.

are recorded the minimum number of wiper sets to be used for a given runof sizes and widths of shoes of the same style;

Fig. 12 shows the toe portions of a series of sole patterns of varioussizes and styles to be measured for determining the curvature of a slotin one of the gages with which the device shown in Fig. 1 is provided;and

Fig. 13 is a chart on which the measurement values obtained in Fig. 12are plotted.

As has been stated, it is one of the objects of this invention todetermine the minimum number of wiper sets adapted to operate upon aselected range of sizes and widths of shoes to be processed on lasts ofthe same style with the result that the selection of the proper wipersets and particularly the determination of the minimum number of wipersets for the stated task no longer is a matter of trial and error.

The solution of the problem underlying the present invention ispredicated upon the fact that .upon increase in the width of .lasts ofthe same size (say from 8D to 8E), the ball line increases in length.This increase may be termed the grading increment for width changes.

Upon increase in the length or size of lasts of the, same width (sayfrom 8D to 9D) the ball line increases in length. This increase may betermed the grading increment for length changes. The ratio of lengthincrease to Width increase, therefore, is 3:4. Based upon these facts achart or table 20, such as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 11, may be made inwhich the widths of lasts running from AAAA to EEE are the abscissae andthe lengths or sizes running from 0 to 14 are the ordinates. Thedistances between successive sizes and widths are in the ratio of 3:4.

Having done this the relationship or ratio of width changes and lengthchanges may be recorded on the chart 20. While the ratios and relatedindicia may be manually established and recorded on the chart, it ispreferred and more expedient to present the chart to the grading andcharting device which is illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 and which will bedescribed. On the chart or table indicia in the form of parallel linesof a predetermined slope or angle are entered. Each line represents awiper set. The lines are spaced apart equal predetermined distances andthe distance between two adjacent lines corresponds to the scope of eachwiper set, that is to say, indicates how many widths of lasts of thesame size and style may be satisfactorily operated upon by the samewiper set. The angularity of the parallel lines is dependent upon theparticular style of the selected run of lasts as will be presentlyexplained.

It has been found that a predetermined and determinable measuring lineacross the toe end of any last bottom (hereinafter called the toe line)and the ball line of the same last bottom are graded proportionally.This means that the lengths of the toe line and the ball line changeproportionally between successive last width or last size changes. Inthe outline of the last bottom pattern or the sole of Fig. 5 therelative positions of the toe line if and the ball line b areillustrated. Their relation or ratio is diagrammaterially represented inFig. 6. If, for example, the ball line measures 3" and the toe linemeasures 1.5" (ratio 2:1) an increase of of the ball line results in aproportional increase of of the toe line. Outside of the just mentionedtoe line-ball line ratio of 1:2, there are numerous other ratiosdepending upon the numerous shoe styles, and the proportional widthincrements correspond to the ratio of each particular case.

Considering further Fig. 6 in which, as stated, the ratio between thetoe line and ball line is illustrated graphically, it will be noted thatFig. 6 is a chart comprising principally a right angle, one leg of whichrepresents the toe line If and corresponds to it in length and the otherleg of which respresents the ball line b and is of the same length asthe ball line. The straight line s connecting the free ends of both legsof the right angle has a predetermined slope or angle a and this sloperemains the same for all sizes and widths of a given style having thesame toe lineball line ratio and proportional width increments. This isshown in Fig. 6 by illustrating graphically the relation between theproportionally smaller toe line t and proportionally smaller ball line bas well as the relation between the proportionally larger toe line t andthe proportionally larger ball line b As will be noted the slope orangle a of the connecting lines .5, s and s is the same or in otherwords the lines 8, s and s are parallel.

The just mentioned angle a is determined either manually in the mannerillustrated in Fig. 6 and entered upon the chart or table, ormechanically by means of the above mentioned grading and chartingdevice. The construction and operation of this device is based upon theabove explained principles.

The grading and charting device comprises a base plate 3!! (Figs. 2 and3) which is rectangular in plan. To determine and measure the toe line tof a last L presented bottom down to the device, the latter is providedwith two toe gages 32 and 34 (Figs. 1 and 4) which are in the form ofslides and cooperatewith a fixed abutment 36 secured by screws 37 to thebase plate 30. As illustrated in Fig. 4 one corner of the abutment 36engages one side of the toe portion of the last L. The gage 32 ismanually movable in a rectilinear path to engage the opposite side ofthe toe portion of the last L, and the gage 34 is movable rectilinearlyin a direction at right angles to the movement of the gage 32 so as toengage the toe end of the last.

ease-s52 To facilitate the movements of both gages 32 and 34 there areprovided in the base plate 30 a. slideway 38 (Figs. 1 and 4) extendingcrosswise of the device, in which slideway the gage 32 is movable, and aslideway 40 extending lengthwise of the device and at right angles tothe slideway 38. The gage 34 is movable in the slideway 40. With thegages 32, 34 apart or in their open position, the last L is presentedbottom down and toe portion foremost to the device with one side of itstoe portion engaging the corner of the abutment 36, whereupon the gage32 is moved to abut the opposite side of the last. The movement of thegage 32 produces a movement of the gage 34 and the extent of themovement of the age 34 with relation to the gage 32 is predetermined. Tothis end there is provided in the gage 34 a slot 42 of predeterminedcurvature. A binding screw 44 extends with its stem through the slot 42and through a hole in the gage 32. The head of the screw 44 restsagainst the under side of the gage 32 and straddles the slot 42. A thumbnut 46 is in threaded engagement with the portion of the screw 44extending above the gage 32. When the thumb nut 46 is tightened the twogages 32 and 34 are locked together. Movement of the age 32 with thethumb nut 46 backed oif causes movement of the gage 34 as a result ofthe movement of the stem of the screw 44 along the slot 42. Movement ofthe gage 34 serves to locate the toe end of the last with relation tothe grading and charting device. The toe line t is determined when bothgages 32 and 34 contact the last (see Fig. 4). i

The curvature of the slot 42 is determined a follows: Circles which fitor most nearly fit into the curvatures of the toe ends of a number ofsole patterns of various sizes and styles are drawn on the patterns asillustrated in Fig. 12. The toe width w of each pattern is then measuredalong a line between opposite points of intersection of the circle andthe sides of the sole pattern, and the distance d of this line from thetoe end of the pattern also is recorded. These dimensions are plotted asillustrated in Fig. 13 and a curve S is drawn through the plottedpoints. Thecurve S is the same as the curve of the slot 42. After thedetermination of the curvature of the slot 42 it was found it so nearlyapproached the arc of a circle that in the practical use of the device acircular slot 42 which is easy to produce is entirely sufficient andsatisfactory.

Having determined and measured the toe line 15 of the last L whichpreferably is of a size and width somewhat in the middle of the selectedrange of sizes and widthsythe setting of the gages 32, 34 is maintainedby locking them together, which is done by tightening the thumb nut 46.

To measure the ball line b, the location of which on a last bottom orsole pattern is well known to last makers and shoe manufacturers, theillustrated device is provided with a manually movable gage 50 (Figs. 1and 4) in the form of a slide which cooperates with another corner ofthe abutment 36. The last L is presented to the gage 50 with its toeportion pointing up and with its one side contacting, at the ball line,the lastmentioned corner of the abutment 36 whereupon the gage. 50 ismoved to engage the opposite side of the last at the ball line. Tofacilitate the movement of the gage 50 there is provided in the baseplate 30 a slideway 52 which extends in the longitudinal direction ofthe base plate.

The gage 50 is connected with the gage 32 by an arm 54 pivotally securedat one end by a screw 56 to the gage 32. The arm 54 has a slot 58, andanother slot 60 is'provided in the bottom of the slideway 52. A bindingscrew 62 extends through both slots 58 and 60 and through a hole in thegage 50 and has its head resting against the under side of the baseplate 30 and straddling the slot 60. The portion of the screw 62 extending upwardly above the arm 54 carries a thumb nut 64. A washer 68 (Fig.3) is provided to fill the space between the stem of the screw 62 andthe opposite sides of the slot 58 so as to prevent excessive loosenessof the arm 54. The washer 68 is held in place by a flange on the lowerend of the. thumb nut 64. A ruler 10 (Figs. 1 and 4) is connected byparallel links 12 of equal length to the arm 54, the links 12 beingpivotally secured at one end by screws 14 to the arm and being pivotallysecured at the other end by screws 16 to the ruler. Thus the ruler "m isconstrained always to move in parallelism with the arm 54 which forms anextensible link between the movable ball line and. toe line gages.

As will be noted upon movement of the gage 32, the link arm 54 is movedangularly about the center of the screw 62 the thumb nut 64 of which isbackedoff at that time. Movement of the gage '56 displaces the screw 62along the slots 58 and 60, thereby imparting additional angular movementto the arm 54. In the fin al setting or gaging positions of the gages 32and 50 the angularity or slope of the arm 54 corresponds to that of thelines .9, s, s of Fig. 6. It is understood that after the gage 56 hasbeen moved into its gaging position as determined by the last L, it islocked in that. position by tightening the thumb nut 64 on the screw 62,thereby securing the gage 56 to the base plate 30.

Secured to the base plate 30 by screws 82 is also a flat support (Figs.1 and 4), the support 80 serving to carry the chart or table 26.Moreover, there is provided on the base plate 36 a ledge 84 extendinglengthwise of the device and having a straight edge against which oneedge of the chart is positioned. With the chart 2!) in position, theruler in can now be employed to draw a series of parallel lines on thechart 20, the lines corresponding in angularity to the slope of the arm54.

As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4 the arm 54 of the measuring and chartingdevice has a transpivotal extention 9B in the shape of a segment onwhich is provided a scale of width zone increments runi-ng from 1 to 10and cooperating with an index member '92 secured on the gage 32. As willbe noted, any angular movement of the arm 54 causesv :a. movement of thewidth zone scale with relation to the index member 62. In. a givenangular position of the arm 54, the number of the scale opposite theindex member 92 indicates the width zone increment or scope of la, wiperin regard to its usefulness for operation on widths ad-v jacent to theone it is to operate on.

The values for the width zone scale associated with the arm 54 aredetermined in the following manner: A hypothetical series of lasts istaken of which the toe line-ball line ratio ranges from 1:10 to 1:1 (.1to 1.0). It was assumed that the width increments for successive wipersets, or the socalled wiper grading, is Thus the proportional widthincrement for each last of the series is 1%" or .0625 (wiper gnading)times the particular toe line-ball line ratio. A tabulation of theproportional last Width increments is contained in Fig. 7 of thedrawings. Column A showsthe toe line-ball line ratios of the differentlasts-of the series ranging from .1 to 1.0. Column B contains thevarious proportional width increments for each last of the series. Thewidth zone values for the scale are then obtained by dividing fi or.0625 (Wiper grading) by each proportional last Width increment (columnB), thus obtaining the values in column C which are the width zonevalues based on a wiper grading. After these values in column C had beenobtained it was found by making actual tests that this resulted in theprovision of more wiper sets than are necessary for operating upon agiven run of sizes and. widths of shoes. Consequently a column D wastabulated in which the values are based on a wiper grading of Thetabulation of column D is simple because its values are practicallydouble those of column C. Having obtained the width zone values for awiper grading of /8 it was found that this resulted in not enough setsof wipers being provided for a satisfactory operation on a given run ofsizes and widths of shoes. Thus a middle course was taken based on awiper grading of 21 2", the values for which were tabulated in column Eand lie in the middle between the values of columns C and D.

With the values of columns C, D and E established, curves may be plottedas indicated in Fig. 8 of the drawings on a chart in which the abscissaeare the toe line-ball line ratios ranging from .1 to 1.0 and theordinates are marked from to 10, the separation of the ordinates beingthe same as that of the abscissae.

Based on the width zone values E for a wiper grading of a e", a chart asillustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawings is now prepared to determine theangles for the different values of column E of Fig. 7 or thecorresponding curve E of Fig. 8. The chart illustrated in Fig. 9comprises two lines of equal length disposed at right angles to eachother. The horizontal line signifies the ratios and is divided into tenequal units running from 0, .1, .2, etc., to 1.0. Taking now the valuesobtained for column E in Fig. 7 or curve E in Fig. 8 or where thesevalues were too fractional, taking the nearest integers or simplefractions, lines of different slopes all originating with the free endof the vertical line of the chart illustrated in Fig. 9 were drawn todifferent points of the horizontal line of that chart, these pointsbeing the corresponding toe line-ball line ratio values representedeither by column A of the table of Fig. 7 or by the ordinates of the:chart of Fig. 8. Integers or simple fraction for column E values areused in preference in order to simplify the reading of the width zonescale of the grading and charting device. All there was left to do wasto measure the angles obtained on the chart of Fig. 9 and entergraduations on a segmental width zone scale diagrammatically shown inFig. 10, of corresponding angularities and corresponding values. Theangle values, of course, could also have been determined mathematically.

Let us assume now that the minimum number of wiper sets is to bedetermined for properly lasting the toes of shoes of the same styleranging in size and width from AA to 9E. A lengthwidth table 2!) asillustrated in Fig. 11 is marked by a rectangle including all sizes andwidths in the selected range of 5AA to SE. The chart is then inserted inthe grading device as illustrated in Fig. 4 with the side ordinatesparallel to the ledge 85 of the device and the measurement is preferablymade with a last of a size and width lying approximately in the middleof the selected range of sizes and widths, say for example 73. The firstmeasurement taken, as explained, is that of the toe line if, after whichthe gages 32 and 34 are locked in their gaging positions. Then thelength of the ball line b is taken and the gage 50 is immobilized. As aresult the arm as is set at a predetermined angle or slope as indicatedin Fig. 4. The arm 54 in being moved angularly to a predeterminedposition, moves the width zone scale on the segment 93 relatively to theindex member 92. In the final setting, the width zone scale indicatesthe width zone increment corresponding to' the particular toe line-ballline ratio. Parallel lines corresponding in angularity to that of thearm 54 may now be drawn with the aid of the ruler 10 through therectangle marked on the table or chart 26, and these lines are spacedapart a distance corresponding to the particular width zone valueindicated on the scale. As shownin Fig. 4 in the particular setting ofthe arm 54, the corresponding width zone value is 3, indicating that theparallel lines drawn across the rectangle marked on the chart of Fig. 11are to be spaced apart 3 last widths. Preferably these lines are soplaced with relation to the marked rectangle of the chart of Fig. 11,that they do not extend through the corners of the rectangle, but thatthe corners of the rectangle fall within the width zones of the nearestlines. The dash lines drawn through the marked rectangle of the chart ofFig. 11 indicate the lateral limits of scope of each set of wipersindicated by the full lines I, II, III.

For the selected range of sizes and widths of lasts to be operated upon,three consecutive sets of wipers are therefore sufficient as indicatedby the chart of Fig. 11. An analysis of the range of operation of eachof the three wiper sets I, II, III made in accordance with the chart ofFig. 11 is as follows:

of the toe line of'a last, a ball line gage for de-,

termining the length of the ball line of said last, each of said gagesbeing slidably positioned upon said base for independent rectilinearmovements in paths at right angles to each other, an extensive linkpivotally connected between both gages, said link being moved to apredetermined angular position on measurement of the toe line and theball line of the last by said gages, and a ruler controlled by said linkand movable over a table presented to the device, the ruler beinglocated in a predetermined angular position with relation to said tableupon the setting of said link.

2. A measuring and charting device for use in determining the minimumnumber of wiper sets adapted to operate upon a selected range of sizes 9and widths of lasts of the same style, having two gages movable at rightangles to each other and movable with relation to a fixed abutment forone corner of the toe portion of a last bottom, the gaging movementbeing terminated by the engagement of one of said gages with the toe endof said toe portion and of the other gage with the side of said toeportion opposite to that engaged by said abutment, means connecting bothgages and controlling the movement of one upon movement of the other, aball line gage, means connecting the ball line gage with one of thefirst mentioned two gages, and a ruler controlled by said connectingmeans and movable over a table presented to the device, the ruler beinglocated in a predetermined angular position with relation to said tableupon setting of said connecting means by the last measuring action ofsaid gages.

3. A measurin and charting device for use in determining the minimumnumber of wiper sets adapted to operate upon a selected range of sizesand widths of lasts of the same style, having a toe line gage fordetermining the length of a toe line of a last, a ball line gage fordetermining the length of the ball line of said last, an arm pivotallysecured to the toe line gage and having a screw and slot connection withthe ball line gage, the arm being moved to a predetermined angularposition on measuring the toe line and the ball line of the last by saidgages, and a width zone gage on said arm, movable with relation to anindex member on the toe line gage upon movement of the arm, to determinethe width zone value for a setting of the gages and the arm inaccordance with the ratio of the toe line and the ball line.

4. A measuring and charting device for use in determining the minimumnumber of wiper sets adapted to operate upon a selected range of sizesand widths of lasts of the same style, having a toe line gage fordetermining the length of the toe line of a last, a ball line gage fordetermining the length of the ball line of said last, an arm pivotallysecured to the toe line gage and having a 0 Number '10 slot extendinglengthwise thereof, the slot being engaged by a member carried by theball line gage to cause angular movement of the arm upon rectilinearmovement of the ball line gage, and a segmental extension on said armhaving a width zone scale, movable with relation to an index member onthe toe line gage upon movement of the arm, to determine the width zonevalue for a setting of the gages and the arm in accordance with theratio of the toe line and the ball line.

5. A measuring and charting device for use in determining the minimumnumber of wiper sets adapted to operate upon a selected range of sizesand widths of lasts of the same style, comprising a base, a gage movablewith relation to said base to engage the side of the toe portion of alast presented to the device, another gage movable with relation to thefirst mentioned gage to engage the toe end of said last, a curved slotin one of said gages, a screw carried by the other gage and engagingsaid slot to produce movement of one gage upon movement of the other soas to determine the length of the toe line of the last and to set thegages in accordance with the length of said toe line, a ball line gagemovable with relation to said base to determine the length of the ballline of said last, and an arm pivotally secured to the first mentionedgage and having a screw and slot connection with the ball line gage, thearm being moved to a predetermined angular position on measurement ofthe toe line and the ball line by said gages.

FRED C. EASTMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Morse Oct. 4, 1927 Wheeler Dec. 5, 1939Bliss Aug. 17, 1943

